Algeria Population

Algeria saw its fertility fall steeply in the 1990s and then rebound in the 2000s, an unusual reversal that left it growing faster again than many of its North African peers. The population is young and concentrated along the Mediterranean coast, with the vast Saharan interior nearly empty. Reliance on hydrocarbon revenue to support that growing population is a persistent vulnerability.

With roughly 47.7 million people as of 2026, Algeria ranks 33rd in the world by population. A country of Northern Africa, its trajectory to 2100 is governed by how births, deaths and migration play out. It packs in roughly 20 people per square kilometre.

The defining marker in Algeria's future is its peak, expected around 2091 at about 65.1 million. After that the population eases back toward 64.5 million by 2100, having passed through 59.4 million at mid-century. The 50 million threshold is reached around 2031.

At roughly 2.72 births per woman, fertility remains above replacement, though it has been trending down.

The median age is set to climb from about 28 today to roughly 47 by 2100, even as life expectancy improves from about 76 years. A rising median age means fewer working-age people supporting each retiree over time.

These figures follow the UN's medium variant, the most widely cited scenario. The low and high variants, driven mainly by differing fertility assumptions, fan out into a wide range by 2100, so treat each number as a central estimate rather than a precise forecast.