Senegal Population

Senegal has high but gradually falling fertility and a young population, with steady growth across a comparatively stable West African state. Emigration, much of it toward Europe, is a prominent feature of its demographics and economy. The country's transition is underway but still at an early stage.

Senegal is home to about 19.1 million people in 2026, the 68th largest population of any country. A country of Western Africa, its trajectory to 2100 is governed by how births, deaths and migration play out. Population density stands at about 101 people for every square kilometre of land.

Growth continues for Senegal until around 2100, the year its population is set to crest at about 46.9 million. From there a slow fall takes it to roughly 46.9 million by century's end.

Half of Senegal is currently younger than about 19, but by 2100 the median age is projected to reach around 37, while life expectancy, near 69 years, keeps rising. For now it remains one of the world's youngest populations, with a large generation about to reach working age. That ageing slowly changes everything from the size of the workforce to the cost of care and pensions.

With about 3.77 births per woman, Senegal still has one of the higher fertility rates in the world, driving fast expansion.

Read these numbers as the midpoint of a range. Under the UN's high and low fertility paths Senegal's 2100 population could land well above or below the figures here; the medium variant is simply the central case.