Myanmar Population

Myanmar has a fertility rate near the replacement level, higher than several of its neighbours, though its population growth remains comparatively modest. Years of conflict, military rule and displacement have disrupted both the economy and the demographic data, pushing many to flee internally or abroad. The result is a slower-growing and more unsettled population than its location might suggest.

With roughly 55.0 million people as of 2026, Myanmar ranks 27th in the world by population. Set in South-Eastern Asia, its demographic path this century turns on the balance of births, deaths and migration. It packs in roughly 84 people per square kilometre.

Growth continues for Myanmar until around 2049, the year its population is set to crest at about 58.6 million. From there a slow fall takes it to roughly 49.8 million by century's end. The 50 million threshold was crossed near 2013.

The median age is set to climb from about 30 today to roughly 44 by 2100, while life expectancy, near 67 years, keeps rising. An older population gradually reshapes the labour force, pension systems and healthcare demand.

Fertility sits at about 2.10 births per woman, below the replacement level of roughly 2.1, so without migration the population would eventually shrink.

Read these numbers as the midpoint of a range. Under the UN's high and low fertility paths Myanmar's 2100 population could land well above or below the figures here; the medium variant is simply the central case.