Lebanon Population

Lebanon has not held a national census since 1932, so delicate is the sectarian balance, which makes its population figures unusually uncertain. The country hosts one of the world's largest refugee populations per capita, mainly Syrians, while the financial collapse that began in 2019 has driven many Lebanese abroad. The UN's estimates show modest growth continuing toward a peak around 2080.

Lebanon is the world's 116th most populous country, home to about 5.9 million people in 2026. In Western Asia, where it lies, that future is driven by fertility, longevity and the movement of people across its borders. Population density stands at about 576 people for every square kilometre of land.

Lebanon is projected to keep growing until about 2080, when its population peaks at roughly 7.5 million before a gradual decline sets in, leaving it near 7.2 million by 2100.

Half of Lebanon is currently younger than about 29, but by 2100 the median age is projected to reach around 47, while life expectancy, near 78 years, keeps rising. An older population gradually reshapes the labour force, pension systems and healthcare demand.

At roughly 2.23 births per woman, fertility remains above replacement, though it has been trending down.

Read these numbers as the midpoint of a range. Under the UN's high and low fertility paths Lebanon's 2100 population could land well above or below the figures here; the medium variant is simply the central case.