Paraguay Population

Paraguay is young by South American standards, with fertility still above replacement and growth expected to continue into the 2070s. Landlocked and sparsely populated, it has built its economy on soy, cattle and hydropower from the giant Itaipu dam shared with Brazil. It is also one of the region's most bilingual societies, with Guarani spoken alongside Spanish by most of the population.

Paraguay is home to about 7.1 million people in 2026, the 108th largest population of any country. A country of South America, its trajectory to 2100 is governed by how births, deaths and migration play out. It packs in roughly 18 people per square kilometre.

Paraguay is projected to keep growing until about 2078, when its population peaks at roughly 9.3 million before a gradual decline sets in, leaving it near 9.1 million by 2100.

At roughly 2.42 births per woman, fertility remains above replacement, though it has been trending down. Net outward migration also weighs on the total, with more people leaving than arriving.

The median age is set to climb from about 27 today to roughly 44 by 2100, while life expectancy, near 74 years, keeps rising. An older population gradually reshapes the labour force, pension systems and healthcare demand.

All of this is a projection, not a prediction. The further out it runs the wider the plausible range becomes, which is why Paraguay's charts show a low-to-high band around the central line.